{"id":3703,"date":"2013-10-24T09:44:47","date_gmt":"2013-10-24T09:44:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/skylight.gr\/administrator_wordpress\/index.php\/2013\/10\/24\/music-album-economics-and-industry-evolution\/"},"modified":"2013-10-24T09:44:47","modified_gmt":"2013-10-24T09:44:47","slug":"music-album-economics-and-industry-evolution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/skylight.gr\/index.php\/2013\/10\/24\/music-album-economics-and-industry-evolution\/","title":{"rendered":"Music album economics and industry evolution"},"content":{"rendered":"<p id=\"yui_3_9_1_1_1382606354819_1398\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/l1.yimg.com\/bt\/api\/res\/1.2\/St3JLUum3c.C1QC15e9zUw--\/YXBwaWQ9eW5ld3M7cT04NTt3PTYxNA--\/http:\/\/marketrealist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2013\/10\/Pandora\/1774968443.jpg\" border=\"0\" width=\"156\" height=\"111\" \/><br \/>This article considers the changing economics of the music industry and reviews some investment implications of these changes<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_9_1_1_1382606354819_1197\">From a personal and investment perspective, the music industry is near and dear to my heart. So when I read an article in New York Magazine  this week that explored the changing economics of the industry, I  thought it would be interesting to explore it in a little more detail  and review some investment ramifications of these changes.  <!--more-->  <\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_9_1_1_1382606354819_1248\"><a href=\"http:\/\/marketrealist.com\/2013\/10\/music-album-economics-evolution\/?utm_source=yahoo&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_content=graph-1\" title=\"Music album economics and industry evolution\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"editorial\" src=\"http:\/\/l1.yimg.com\/bt\/api\/res\/1.2\/St3JLUum3c.C1QC15e9zUw--\/YXBwaWQ9eW5ld3M7cT04NTt3PTYxNA--\/http:\/\/marketrealist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2013\/10\/Pandora\/1774968443.jpg\" border=\"0\" width=\"614\" height=\"440\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The main story centred around Grizzly Bear, a popular indie band,  that has had a great deal of artistic success, which hasn\u2019t translated  into the same amount of commercial success (although they did sell out  Radio City and their latest album debuted at No. 7 on the Billboard  Chart).<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_9_1_1_1382606354819_1256\">\u201cWhen the band tours, it can  afford a bus, an extra keyboard player, and sound and lighting  engineers. (That U2 tour had a wardrobe manager.) After covering  expenses like recording, publicity, and all the other machinery of a  successful act (\u2018Agents, lawyers, tour managers, the merch girl, the  venues take a merch cut; Ticketmaster takes their cut; the manager gets a  percentage; publishers get a percentage\u2019), Grizzly Bear\u2019s members bring  home\u2026 well, they\u2019d rather not get into it. \u2018I just think it\u2019s  inappropriate,\u2019 says Edward Droste of Grizzly Bear. \u2018Obviously we\u2019re  surviving. Some of us have health insurance, some of us don\u2019t, we  basically all live in the same places, no one\u2019s renting private jets.  Come to your own conclusions.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Before we hop into the analysis, I also want to acknowledge that  musicians getting hosed by records labels et al. isn\u2019t exactly a new  phenomenon (read:Motown). It\u2019s just different people taking a cut of the  pie this time around.<\/p>\n<p>New album sales<\/p>\n<p>One of the more interesting statistics is regarding new album sales.  While I could probably have guessed that record sales were down, the  recentness and sharpness of the decline was interesting. As you can see  below, since 2008 new record sales have dropped by almost 50%. I am sure  that number is even greater if you go back to, say, 1999, when it was  cool to have CD books and stacks of albums.<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"119\" valign=\"top\">Year<\/td>\n<td width=\"129\" valign=\"top\">New Album Sales<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"119\" valign=\"top\">2008<\/td>\n<td width=\"129\" valign=\"top\">275mln<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"119\" valign=\"top\">2009<\/td>\n<td width=\"129\" valign=\"top\">225mln<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"119\" valign=\"top\">2010<\/td>\n<td width=\"129\" valign=\"top\">200mln<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"119\" valign=\"top\">2011<\/td>\n<td width=\"129\" valign=\"top\">160mln<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"119\" valign=\"top\">2012<\/td>\n<td width=\"129\" valign=\"top\">145mln<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>If I had to guess what\u2019s driving this, I would point to two big factors:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The increasingly popular notion of \u201c\u00e0 la carte\u201d music purchasing from services like iTunes<\/li>\n<li>The growing ubiquity of smart phones and streaming radio services<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>So where is all the money going?<\/p>\n<p>Below are two charts that walk through the major sources of income  for two different types of bands, a major label act and an indie band  like Grizzly Bear.<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"4\" width=\"638\" valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"center\">Revenue for a Major Label Act<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"211\" valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"center\">Revenue<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"246\" valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"center\">Break down<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"78\" valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"center\">Quantity<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\" valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"center\">Total<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"211\">CD Sales<\/td>\n<td width=\"246\">$2\u00a0per CD (after the label takes a cut)<\/td>\n<td width=\"78\">\n<p align=\"center\">4 million<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\">\n<p align=\"center\">$8,000,000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"211\">iTunes and other digital downloads<\/td>\n<td width=\"246\">$0.25\u00a0per $1.29 download (after the service, label, and others take a cut)<\/td>\n<td width=\"78\">\n<p align=\"center\">5 million<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\">\n<p align=\"center\">$1,250,000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"211\">Spotify and other streaming services<\/td>\n<td width=\"246\">About\u00a0$0.005\u00a0per stream<\/td>\n<td width=\"78\">\n<p align=\"center\">130 million<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\">\n<p align=\"center\">$650,000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"211\">Radio royalties<\/td>\n<td width=\"246\">$800,000\u00a0per single<\/td>\n<td width=\"78\">\n<p align=\"center\">2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\">\n<p align=\"center\">$1,600,000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"4\" width=\"638\" valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"center\">Indie Four-Piece<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"211\" valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"center\">Revenue<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"246\" valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"center\">Break down<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"78\" valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"center\">Quantity<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\" valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"center\">Total<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"211\" valign=\"top\">CD sales<\/td>\n<td width=\"246\" valign=\"top\">$2 per CD (after the record label and others take a cut)<\/td>\n<td width=\"78\" valign=\"top\">125,000<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\" valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"center\">$250,000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"211\" valign=\"top\">iTunes and other digital downloads<\/td>\n<td width=\"246\" valign=\"top\">$0.25 per $0.99 download (after the service, label, and others take a cut)<\/td>\n<td width=\"78\" valign=\"top\">125,000<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\" valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"center\">$31,250<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"211\" valign=\"top\">Spotify and other streaming services<\/td>\n<td width=\"246\" valign=\"top\">About $0.005 per stream<\/td>\n<td width=\"78\" valign=\"top\">20,000<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\" valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"center\">$100<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"211\" valign=\"top\">Commercial licensing<\/td>\n<td width=\"246\" valign=\"top\">$100,000 for placement in a cell-phone commercial<\/td>\n<td width=\"78\" valign=\"top\">1<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\" valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"center\">$100,000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>One of the more interesting data points that stands out is the  minuscule amount of money that these bands earn from the streaming  services that have become so prevalent in the world today. If Pandora  (see <a href=\"http:\/\/www.interactivebuyside.com\/index\/index\/company\/P\" rel=\"nofollow\">IB Research reports<\/a>)  or Spotify are somewhat responsible for taking album dollars out of the  pockets of artists, they should at least be making up a decent amount  of that lost income. It makes the Internet Radio Fairness Act seem all  the more absurd.<\/p>\n<p>The Market Realist Take<\/p>\n<p>With online streaming and Internet radio services becoming more  popular than listening to CDs, the music industry and Internet radio  companies like Pandora have been embroiled in a continuing battle over  royalty payments. Pandora has stated that its profitability has been  affected because Internet radio stations have to pay six times the  royalty rate of other mediums. Pandora pushed for the passage of the  Internet Radio Fairness Act, which would lower royalty rates, but the  bill faced stiff opposition from labels, publishers, and music artists.  Pandora Media recently won a case against the American Society of  Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) with a federal judge ruling  that ASCAP has to provide Pandora access to its entire catalog of music  through 2015, when the current licensing terms are up for renewal.<\/p>\n<p>Clear Channel and Warner Music Group struck a mutually beneficial  partnership deal in September that will allow WMG to promote its artists  through Clear Channel in return for low royalty rates on Clear  Channel\u2018s iHeartRadio. Although this deal was considered groundbreaking,  there\u2019s no actual legislation yet that will ensure fair compensation  for the artists. The entry of tech giants Apple Inc. (AAPL), with its  newly launched iTunes Radio, and Google (GOOG) will create more  competition for companies like Pandora (P), Spotify, and Sirius (SIRI).  These new radio services are taking market share from legacy AM and FM  radio station companies like Cumulus Media (CMLS).<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Source: Yahoo.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This article considers the changing economics of the music industry and reviews some investment implications&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3703","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-music-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/skylight.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3703","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/skylight.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/skylight.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skylight.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skylight.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3703"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/skylight.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3703\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/skylight.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3703"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skylight.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3703"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skylight.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3703"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}